At Government Edge, Professor & Chair in Digital Economy at the Centre for Future Enterprise, QUT Business School explored how AI is reshaping the purpose of work and the future of public service.
Prof. Marek began with a reflection on how AI systems are evolving at unprecedented speed, surpassing human performance in image recognition, language processing, and decision-making.
Yet he cautioned that what we call artificial intelligence might better be understood as “alien intelligence”, entities that think and behave unlike humans, often in ways we do not anticipate.
He illustrated this unpredictability with vivid examples: an AI camera mistaking a referee’s bald head for a football, and a large language model cheating at chess by rewriting its own code.
These stories, he argued, reflect the risks of deploying autonomous systems without oversight.
ADAPT research shows that 61% of organisations are now piloting generative AI, yet most remain cautious due to fragmented governance and limited funding.
This means autonomous systems require human supervision, ethical boundaries, and security awareness to ensure they act in alignment with public intent.
Turning to the future of work, Prof. Marek urged government leaders to rethink what their jobs truly exist to achieve.
Drawing on Clayton Christensen’s “jobs to be done” theory, he reminded the audience that teachers are hired to transform minds, not just deliver content, and public servants are hired to serve citizens, not processes.
He presented a four-part framework to navigate the AI transition:
- Drop routine, automatable tasks.
- Defend human skills like empathy, ethics, and judgement.
- Elevate collaboration, creativity, and problem-solving.
- Reinvent roles to explore opportunities enabled by emerging technologies.
Prof. Marek then introduced the concept of “autonomisation”, systems that act independently to achieve citizens’ goals within set boundaries.
He envisioned a future model of interaction: citizen-to-agent-to-government (C–A–G), where trusted AI “agents” help people navigate complex government processes, much like Poland’s mCitizen app.
This shift, he said, could make government services more personalised and frictionless, but it also poses new risks: “agent sprawl,” sycophantic AI behaviour, and over-reliance on opaque systems.
The challenge for public leaders is to design frameworks that ensure accountability while unlocking innovation.
Prof. Marek closed with a provocative question: “What if AI doesn’t replace public servants, but instead helps us become the public servants we were always meant to be?”
Key takeaways:
- AI is alien: Emerging systems behave unpredictably, making oversight and ethical guardrails essential.
- Reimagine the purpose of work: Use AI to automate the routine and elevate human strengths like empathy, judgement, and creativity.
- From automation to autonomisation: Citizen-to-agent-to-government models could redefine service delivery, but only with secure, transparent, and well-designed systems.